Actitud hacia la educación emprendedora e intención emprendedora en programas universitarios depreincubación e incubación en Perú
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Resumen
El emprendimiento constituye una vía relevante para la creación de empresas y la ampliación de oportunidades en economías emergentes, donde gobiernos, organismos de apoyo y universidades han ampliado su oferta de educación emprendedora (EE). Sin embargo, la relación entre EE e intención emprendedora (IE) presenta resultados heterogéneos, lo que plantea la necesidad de comprender tanto la participación en programas formativos como la valoración que los participantes atribuyen a la experiencia recibida. El objetivo fue analizar cómo la actitud hacia la educación emprendedora (AEE), entendida como una valoración multidimensional de la experiencia formativa, se asocia con la IE mediante la actitud hacia el emprendimiento (AE) y la autoeficacia emprendedora (AEFE) en 253 emprendedores vinculados a programas universitarios de preincubación e incubación en Perú. El modelo se estimó mediante PLS-SEM y el análisis se complementó con IPMA. Los resultados respaldaron la especificación de la AEE como constructo de orden superior reflectivo-reflectivo, integrado por dimensiones cognitivas, afectivas y conductuales. La asociación entre AEE e IE fue predominantemente indirecta, con mayor magnitud mediante la AE que la AEFE, mostrando una relevancia diferencial de ambos mecanismos psicológicos. El IPMA mostró elevada importancia relativa de la AEE, derivada principalmente de sus efectos indirectos. Los hallazgos extienden el estudio de la AEE a emprendedores en preincubación e incubación y muestran que comprender su relación con la IE requiere considerar cómo se valora multidimensionalmente la experiencia formativa y mediante qué mecanismos psicológicos se relaciona con la intención.
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