Engagement and job satisfaction: analysis in the Peruvian commercial sector

Article Sidebar

PDF (Spanish) PDF EPUB (Spanish) HTML (Spanish)
Published: Oct 30, 2024
Updated: 2024-10-30
Versions:
2024-10-30 (4)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n28.2024.02
Keywords:
Challenge, commercial workers, engagement, inspiration, job satisfaction, organizational behavior, flow

Main Article Content

Pilar Esperanza García-Tamariz
Universidad de Piura
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2020-7773
Macarena Ayleen Mansilla-Mahmud
Universidad de Piura
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4345-6254
Ricardo Mateo-Dueñas
Universidad de Navarra
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6772-8002

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to investigate which components of engagement are most relevant for the job satisfaction of employees belonging to the commercial sector in Peru. Questionnaires were distributed online and in print to employees of 25 businesses operating in Lima's commercial sectors, seeking their participation. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) was selected as the survey instrument after an extensive literature review, resulting in the collection of 260 surveys. Participating companies were required to belong to the private sector, and the research adopted a cross-sectional design. Notably, the survey was administered free of charge, ensuring complete anonymity for respondents. The statistical instrument employed in this study was an ordinary least squares model, incorporating a quadratic variable for age. This method allowed for a nuanced exploration of the relationships under investigation. The results of this model provided the support needed to show a close relationship between the engagement variables of challenge, inspiration, the state of flow, and job satisfaction in commercial employees. In addition, these variables were analyzed graphically according to the age of the workers. A quadratic trend is observed specifically in the relationship between job satisfaction and age. Our findings contribute to the literature by presenting a different perspective on the study of engagement, providing valuable insights for the formulation of better human management policies.

Article Details

Issue
Vol. 14 No. 28 (2024): (October-March)
Section
Monographic section
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authorship: The list of authors signing must include only those people who have contributed intellectually to the development of the work. Collaboration in the collection of data is not, by itself, a sufficient criterion of authorship. "Retos" declines any responsibility for possible conflicts arising from the authorship of the works that are published.

Copyright: The Salesian Polytechnic University preserves the copyrights of the published articles, and favors and allows their reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Ecuador license. They may be copied, used, disseminated, transmitted and publicly displayed, provided that: i) the authorship and the original source of their publication (journal, editorial and work URL) are cited; (Ii) are not used for commercial purposes; Iii) mention the existence and specifications of this license.

Author Biographies

Macarena Ayleen Mansilla-Mahmud, Universidad de Piura

She is research assistant at the University of Piura, Peru. She has a bachelor's degree in economics from the University of Piura.Her current field of research is General administration in the University of Piura, Peru.

Ricardo Mateo-Dueñas, Universidad de Navarra

He is an associate professor and researcher at the University of Navarra. He received a degree in Industrial Engineering from the Engineering School of the University of Chile. He also has a Master’s Degree in Business Administration from IESE Business School and a Doctoral Degree in Business Administration and Accounting from the University of Navarra. He teaches several courses to both undergraduate and postgraduate students. His main line of research advocates to the field of Continuous Improvement in which he has a big number of publications.

References

Belsley, D. A. (1991). A guide to using the collinearity diagnostics. Computer Science in Economics and Management, 4(1), 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00426854

Brief, A. P. (1998). Attitudes in and around organizations (Vol. 9). Sage. https://bit.ly/3T3VSQZ

Britt, T. W., Castro, C. A. y Adler, A. B. (2005). Self-engagement, stressors, and health: A longitudinal study. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1475-1486. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167205276525

Coloma, M. G. (2020). Issues in Fintech Regulation: What can Peru learn from other countries? Technium Social Sciences Journal, 9(1), 678-682. https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v9i1.1120

Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond boredom and anxiety. Jossey-Bass. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2000-12701-000

Donkor, F., Appienti, W. A. y Achiaah, E. (2022). The impact of transformational leadership style on employee turnover intention in state-owned enterprises in Ghana. The mediating role of organisational commitment. Public Organization Review, 22(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00509-5

Economic activity. (2022). FocusEconomics. https://bit.ly/3T0klq7

Ellickson, M. C. y Logsdon, K. (2002). Determinants of job satisfaction of municipal government employees. Public Personnel Management, 31(3), 343-358. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102600203100307

Estes, S. B. (2005). Work-Family arrangements and parenting: are “family-friendly” arrangements related to mothers’ involvement in children’s lives? Sociological Perspectives, 48(3), 293-317. https://doi.org/10.1525/sop.2005.48.3.293

Fisher, C. D. (2010). Happiness at work. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(4), 384-412. https://doi.org/0.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00270

Foncubierta-Rodríguez, M. J. y Sánchez-Montero, J. M. (2019). Hacia la felicidad laboral: Atender motivaciones y eliminar «temores digitales». Retos Revista de Ciencias de la Administración y Economía, 9(18), 239-257. https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n18.2019.04

Glass, J., Simon, R. W. y Andersson, M. A. (2016). Parenthood and happiness: effects of work-family reconciliation policies in 22 OECD Countries. American Journal of Sociology, 122(3), 886-929. https://doi.org/10.1086/688892

Gutiérrez Zarza, Á. (2015). ‘The Area of Freedom, Security and Justice of the EU’. En Á. Gutiérrez Zarza (ed.), Exchange of information and data protection in cross-border criminal proceedings in Europe. Berlin. Heidelberg Journal Springer, 11-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40291-3_2

Hamermesh, L. A. (2001). A kinder, gentler critique of Van Gorkom and its less celebrated legacies. Nw. UL Rev., 96, 595. https://bit.ly/3T6GCCK

Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. (2023). Comportamiento de los indicadores de mercado laboral a nivel nacional (No. 4). https://bit.ly/INEI2023

Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Bono, J. E. y Patton, G. K. (2001). The job satisfaction–job performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 127(3), 376-407. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.3.376

Judge, T. A. y Klinger, R. (2008). Job satisfaction: Subjective well-being at work. En M. Eid y R. J. Larsen (eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 393-413). The Guilford Press. https://bit.ly/3T5m6mi

Karanika-Murray, M., Duncan, N., Pontes, H. M. y Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Organizational identification, work engagement, and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-11-2013-0359

Le Blanc, P. M., González-Romá, V. y Wang, H. (2021). Charismatic leadership and work team innovative behavior: The role of team task interdependence and team potency. Journal of Business and Psychology, 36, 333-346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-019-09674-3

Llorens, S. (2009). Liderazgo transformacional y capital psicológico positivo: un estudio de caso en una empresa de construcción. https://bit.ly/Llorens2009

Llorens, M., Passalia, M. G., Loinaze, V. P. y Vera, E. I. (2010). High-precision late Aptian Pb/U age for the Punta del Barco Formation (Baqueró Group), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 31(4), 426-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2011.03.012

Macey, W. H. y Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 1(1), 3-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x

Macklin, D. S., Smith, L. A. y Dollard, M. F. (2006). Public and private sector work stress: workers compensation, levels of distress and job satisfaction, and the demand- control-support model. Australian Journal of Psychology, 58(3), 130-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530600940190

Madero, S., Ortiz, O. E. y Guerra, E. M. (2021). Flexibility strategies and their relationship with workplace environment, dedication and intellectual challenge. CienciaUAT, 15(2), 122-134. https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat

Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A. y Vining, G. G. (2012). Polynomial regression models. Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis, 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v6n6p59

Nakamura, J. y Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2009) ‘Flow theory and research’. Handbook of Positive Psychology. https://bit.ly/3Z0NCoL

Nunnally, J. C. y Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory. McGraw-Hill. https://bit.ly/3Mnkmkk

Reynoso, D. W. y Arbaiza, L. (2023). Conductas elegidas o forzadas a elegir: normas y valores asumidos por los ejecutivos. Retos Revista de Ciencias de la Administración y Economía, 13(25), 21-33. https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n25.2023.02

Robbins, H. y Finley, M. (2004), The accidental leader: what to do when you’re suddenly in charge. Jossey-Bass Journal. https://doi.org/978-0-787-97175-5

Roth, L. H. O., Bencker, C., Scherz, A. y Laireiter, A. R. (2023). Replication and validation of the happiness-increasing strategies scale in a German-speaking sample. European Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 7(5), 2397-7116. https://bit.ly/3X1c6vd

Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169

Salanova, M., Schaufeli, W. B., Llorens Gumbau, S., Silla, P. y Grau Gumbau, R. M. (2000). From burnout to engagement: A new perspective. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 16(2), 117-134. https://bit.ly/3X4fsgX

Sandhya, S. y Sulphey, M. M. (2019). An assessment of the contribution of employee engagement, psychological contract and psychological empowerment towards turnover intentions of IT employees. International Journal of Environment, Workplace and Employment, 5(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJGEI.2018.097186

Shimazu, A. y Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Is workaholism good or bad for employee well-being? The distinctiveness of workaholism and work engagement among Japanese employees. Industrial Health, 47(5), 495-502. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.47.495

Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V. y Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two-sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71-92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326

Schaufeli, W. B. y Taris, T. W. (2005). The conceptualization and measurement of burnout: Common ground and worlds apart. Work & Stress, 19(3), 256-262. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370500385913

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B. y Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: a cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701-716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471

Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: application, assessment, causes, and consequences (Vol. 3). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231549

Straume, L. V. y Vitterso, J. (2012). Happiness, inspiration and the fully functioning person: Separating hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in the workplace. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 7(5), 387-398. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2012.711348

Swid, A. (2016). Unwrapping the relation between work environment and job satisfaction. International Journal of Environment, Workplace and Employment, 4(2), 150-170. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEWE.2016.080452

Thrash, T. M. y Elliot, A. J. (2004). Inspiration: core characteristics, component processes, antecedents, and function. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(6), 957-973. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.87.6.957

Tkach, C. y Lyubomirsky, S. (2006). How do people pursue happiness? Relating personality, happiness-increasing strategies, and well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7(2), 183-225. https://doi.org/s10902-005-4754-1

Walsh, E. y Murphy, A. (2021). Life satisfaction amongst working parents: examining the case of mothers and fathers in Ireland. International Journal of Social Economics, 48(4), 622-639. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijse-05-2020-0295

Watanabe, K., Imamura, K., Eguchi, H., Hidaka, Y., Komase, Y., Sakuraya, A. y Tsutsumi, A. (2023). Usage of the brief job stress questionnaire: a systematic review of a comprehensive job stress questionnaire in Japan from 2003 to 2021. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(3), 1814. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031814

Weiss, H. M. (2002). Deconstructing job satisfaction: Separating evaluations, beliefs and affective experiences. Human resource management review, 12(2), 173-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1

Windsor, L. C. y Crawford, K. F. (2019). Best practices for normalizing parents in the academy: higher- and lower-order processes and women and parents’ success. PS, Political Science & Politics, 53(2), 275-280. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096519001938

Yeh, J. W. (2013). Alloy design strategies and future trends in high-entropy alloys. Jom, 65(12), 1759-1771. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0761-6

Zarza, L. A. (2013). Operational logistics and the limits of the campaign. https://bit.ly/Zarza2013

Zelenski, J. M., Murphy, S. A. y Jenkins, D. A. (2008). The happy-productive worker thesis revisited. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(4), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-008-9087-4